The Earth’s climate system is complex, influenced by numerous factors ranging from atmospheric composition to ocean currents and solar radiation. One factor that plays a

Carbon is one of the most important elements on Earth, playing a critical role in everything from the formation of life to the regulation of

Volcanoes are more than just fiery spectacles—they play an essential role in regulating the Earth’s carbon cycle and climate. While we often think of volcanic

Earth is a dynamic and ever-changing planet, shaped by a variety of natural processes. While many people are familiar with surface-level phenomena like the water

Twenty-eight DCO members came together from 29 April  –  4 May, 2018 at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, DC to calculate a new

A joint study between Carnegie and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution has determined that the average temperature of Earth’s mantle beneath ocean basins was about

The atmosphere that allows our planet to sustain life formed from gases emitted by volcanoes early in Earth’s history. These volatile elements are constantly recycled